Various commands in case of various situations


Check where and who you are and what time it is

$ pwd && who



Go to main directory

$ cd /



List all files and directories

$ ls -lAh

$ df -aHT



All processes information can be found using one of the commands:

$ top

$ htop

$ ps -ely

Processes information containing as in the name

$ ps -ely | grep 'as'

Processes information seen from root perspective containing desired names of service

$ sudo ps -ely | grep '(name_of_desired_service>)'



Check if the filesystem is ok (better without gui)

$ fsck /dev/sda2



Simple update and upgrade of all the packages present in the system can be completed using following set of commands

$ sudo apt-fast update

$ sudo apt-fast upgrade -f -y



Repair ubuntu after interrupted dist-upgrade (or other disaster) without losing any custom settings.

This is to be done without GUI. Go to recovery mode command line as root and start typing:

$ mount -o remount, rw /

$ mount --all

$ dpkg --configure -a

$ apt-get update

$ apt-get -f install

$ apt-get -m install

$ apt-get -y install

$ apt-get dist-upgrade

$ apt-get install --reinstall ubuntu-desktop

$ apt-get autoremove

$ apt-get clean

$ shutdown -r now



Fast and reliable update of Android software

$ apt-get update

$ apt-get install -f

$ apt-get install -m

$ apt-get upgrade

$ apt-get dist-upgrade

$ apt-get autoremove

$ apt-get autoclean



Procedure of installation of the software

Add the PPA [ppa_name] repository to system

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:[ppa_name]/[package_to_install]

$ sudo apt-fast update

Install [package_to_install] forcing installation of the newest version

$ sudo apt-fast install [package_to_install] -f -y

Check whether log for newly installed [package_to_install] has been created:

$ sudo cat /var/log/[package_to_install]/[package_to_install].log

Check whether data needed to have application working correctly has been created in one of the following paths:

$ ls -lAh /usr/bin/

$ ls -lAh /var/lib/



Procedure of uninstallation of the software

In this example we will uninstall mongodb

$ sudo systemctl stop mongod

$ sudo systemctl status mongod

$ sudo apt-fast purge mongod

$ sudo apt-fast autoremove

All the application data, user data, configuration files and logs should be removed as well after software uninstallation.

Removing log:

$ sudo rm -rf /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log

Removing application data:

$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mongodb

Removing configuration file:

$ sudo rm -rf /etc/mongod.conf



List all the repositories available on your Ubuntu system

$ apt policy



While installing new software (here we use mongodb as an example) with default settings there should be done changes and creations of new data in the following paths:

Binary data in /usr/bin/mongod

Data of application in /var/lib/mongodb/

Logs in /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log

Configuration file in /etc/mongod.conf

Log can be viewed by using command cat with sudo privileges

$ sudo cat /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log

Content of the directory can be checked by using command ls like below:

$ ls -lAh /var/lib/mongodb



To check the status, stop, start or restart of the service(s) like in this example mongod you should use following commands:

$ sudo systemctl status mongod

$ sudo systemctl stop mongod

$ sudo systemctl start mongod

$ sudo systemctl restart mongod

Alternatively you can use following commands to get the same result as mentioned above:

$ sudo service mongod status

$ sudo service mongod stop

$ sudo service mongod start

$ sudo service mongod restart

To disable or enable service mongod at system startup you should use following commands:

$ sudo systemctl disable mongod

$ sudo systemctl enable mongod



Any suggestion appreciated